Ba, Bocar A.

4 entries found for Ba, Bocar A.

“We also find substantial differences in the behavior of female officers—both relative to male officers generally and within racial and ethnic groups— with the most substantial differences pertaining to use of force. The vast majority of gendered reductions stem from a reduced focus on arresting and using force against Black civilians."

“We … find that white [police] supervisors are less likely to nominate black officers [for awards] than white or Hispanic officers. These results control for officer characteristics, including experience, arrest record, and misconduct."

“We find that the use of force against African American subjects significantly increases the week after an African American individual injures the officer’s peer… Surprisingly … force against a White suspect falls … after a White assailant injures an officer."

“We exploit quasirandom variation in supervisor assignment and find that white supervisors are less likely to nominate black officers [for an award] than white… officers… control[ling] for officer characteristics, including experience, arrest record, and misconduct."