“Whites (2%) were less likely than blacks (4%) or Hispanics (3%) to experience threats or use of force.” & “In 2018, blacks and Hispanics (5% each) were more likely than whites (2%) or persons of other races (2%) to experience at least one type of force during their most recent contact with police."
12% of local police officers are black; 4% of local police chiefs are black; 12% of local police officers are female; 3% of local police chiefs are female
“Among those who had contact with the police, blacks (3.5%) were 2.5 times more likely than whites (1.4%) and 1.7 times more likely than Hispanics (2.1%) to experience the threat or use of nonfatal force."