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On implicit bias: “This process is a diffuse andlargely unconscious one. It does not require bigoted or mean-spirited officers. Nor does it require officers to even notice that they are stopping minorities at higher and unexplainable rates."

Looking for the Driving While Black Phenomena: Conceptualizing Racial Bias Processes and Their Associated Distributions

Police Quarterly

Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald / Mason, Marcinda / Zingraff, Matthew

Vol. 7 Issue 1, pp. 3–29, 2004

10.1177/1098611103259858

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