STUDIES:
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“Predictive policing and actuarial justice tools—including algorithms that do not include race in their design—produce racially-disparate results that intensify policing of already over-policed communities.
A Bias-Free Predictive Policing Tool?: An Evaluation of the NYPD’s Patternizr
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Vol. 47 Issue 1, pp. 43–83,
2019
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