544/

“A father’s incarceration places adolescents and young adults similarly ‘at risk’ for increased delinquency and likelihood of arrest, regardless of race and ethnic classification… [but] Black and Hispanic youth remain much more likely to have an incarcerated father."

Associations of Fathers' History of Incarceration With Sons' Delinquency and Arrest Among Black, White, and Hispanic Males in the United States*

Criminology

Roettger, Michael E. / Swisher, Raymond R.

Vol. 49 Issue 4, pp. 1109–1147, 2011

10.1111/j.1745-9125.2011.00253.x

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