STUDIES:
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“exhibiting hip-hop culture appearance increases the odds of being arrested by three times… This pattern persists when holding constant all of the other variables in the model (including … suspect demeanor, priors, and seriousness of the offense)."
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Policing in a Largely Minority Jurisdiction: The Influence of Appearance Characteristics Associated With Contemporary Hip-Hop Culture on Police Decision-Making
Justice Quarterly
Vol. 34 Issue 7, pp. 1310–1338,
2017
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