STUDIES:
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“The significant [police data] effects appear to be intentional violation of Massachusetts state law mandating the reporting of race and ethnicity.” & “Race and ethnicity missingness is significantly more likely in agencies with higher proportions of Black … residents."
Race and Ethnicity Missingness in the Traffic Stop Data Reported by 308 Massachusetts Police Agencies
Race and Justice
Vol. 2 Issue 1, pp. 42–65,
2012
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