Studies

Research on racial bias in policing

“A white job applicant with a criminal record was 3.4 times more likely to receive a call back from an employer than a black applicant with a criminal record… A white applicant with no criminal record was 2.4 times more likely… A considerable additional disadvantage."

“Nationally, African-American youth are still twice as likely to be arrested as white youth. Are youth of color committing more crime, thus resulting in a higher arrest rate? … There were few group differences between youth of color and white youth.” (@JoshRovner)

“Almost half of young Black boys have been arrested by age 23 compared to 30% of White boys.” & “Youth arrests reduce the likelihood of completing high school… [and] create barriers to admission into colleges.” & “A criminal history reduces the likelihood of getting a job”

“While African American youth are in relative terms exposed more frequently to police contacts, however, white as well as Latino youth may actually be more sensitive to police contacts when they are subjected to them."

“Black drivers were about three times as likely as white drivers … to be searched during a traffic stop.” & “Blacks and Hispanics were more likely than whites to experience the use or threat of force during contact with police."

“In Brownsville, Brooklyn, from 2006 to 2010, within a perimeter of about eight blocks, the New York [PD] made 52,000 stops, with less than 1 percent of stops resulting in an arrest… Young African American males overwhelmingly bore the brunt of these policies.” @CarlaShedd

“Compared to whites, minority respondents indicated that they received both a lower quality of decision making and a lower quality of treatment.” & “The actions of authorities with whom minority respondents dealt were less understandable to them."

“Procedural fairness, or treating people with respect and in an unbiased fashion, does not depend on crime rate fluctuations. Rather, it depends on the behavior of the police themselves… Need to acknowledge the basic dignity and rights of citizens."