“Research consistently shows that whites and minorities want the same thing from the police: fair treatment. Minorities' … perceived unfairness leads to… less deference to the law… and lower levels of cooperation."
“For African Americans, intrusive [police] stops were associated with lower legitimacy, while procedurally just stops were associated with greater police legitimacy. & “Higher legitimacy is related to lower levels of criminal behavior."
“The NYPD has made significant gains in hiring minority male and female officers, but its success in promoting minorities and females appears to be marginal at best… there are too few minority male and female officers above the rank of sergeant."
“While only 30 percent of the OIS [officer-initiated stop] subjects were black… 90 percent of unarmed suspects were black or Hispanic, and every suspect shot as the result of an officer-initiated stop was found to be black or Hispanic. These proportions were of concern."
“Black drivers were overstopped by between 55% to 236%, depending on the measure… Black drivers were almost 4 times more likely to be searched subsequent to a stop than white drivers… White drivers were much more likely to be found with contraband that led to an arrest."
“The relationship, both real and imagined, between rap music and the drug trade [in Puerto Rico] served as a justification for the policing of low-income and Black youth and did so through the same logics of contagion and practices of containment.” - @marisollebron
“In short, where property values are higher, police kill more people. Where poor and non-white people coexist with wealthy or white people, police kill more people. The higher property values are, the more race and class matter."
“We … find that white [police] supervisors are less likely to nominate black officers [for awards] than white or Hispanic officers. These results control for officer characteristics, including experience, arrest record, and misconduct."
“The analysis finds the association between gentrification and Stop and Frisk to be strong and positive, net tract-level crime rates and other potential factors.” & “The share of the Black … and Latino… population… are strongly associated with Stop and Frisk rates."