Studies

Research on racial bias in policing

Perceptions of a neighborhood’s disorder (driven largely by minority presence) is a better indicator of future crime than actual neighborhood conditions due to “unwittingly promoted self-reinforcing actions…e.g, outmigration…thereby producing what it seeks to avoid."

“African American youth and families are negatively characterized or labeled by workers in the child welfare system… these labels… ultimately negatively affect the course of their case… the majority of the youth whose behavior was criminalized were African American."

Policing affects “trust in government beyond the policy’s target population”: “U.S.-born and immigrant Latinos who live in counties where immigrant policing … is the most intense are less likely to trust health information from government agencies."

“In 2012, the number of mentally ill persons in prisons and jails was 10 times the number remaining in state hospitals."

“Perceptions of the police as unbiased or as biased against Whites motivates… support for the candidate who has been unconditionally supportive of police and antagonistic towards … the Black Lives Matter movement. Perceptions … may be a proxy for anti-Black sentiment."

“The news media adopt certain [law&order or police brutality] frames” & “These findings illustrate how modest modifications in the framing of the police dash-cam video significantly alter people’s support and favorability for the [victim]’s and the police officer’s actions."

“When there is damning video evidence, law enforcement agencies respond quickly and punitively to individualize the wrongdoing and diffuse protest. The self-inflicted act of criminal justice repairs the police reputation as unbiased… propagates a narrative of ‘civility.'"

“White and Black Americans have long had divergent views of police … that have grown further apart in the wake of the publicized succession of police killings of unarmed Black young people and adults.” & “White Americans tend to believe that the police … are fair."