“In the current political climate…ethnic and racial groups are prevented from using recreation resources by overt racism…law enforcement being called on youth of color recreating in pools… African American couples barbecuing in parks or Latinos speaking Spanish."
“African Americans are disproportionately arrested for drug delivery offenses… These disproportions are not due to any extraordinary characteristics of those African American arrestees, the behaviors they engaged in, or the communities in which they were arrested."
“In three recent surveys of forensic evaluators [who render reports for judges used for, e.g., criminal responsibility and sentencing decisions], 91–95% of respondents were White."
“The perpetrator’s skin tone … significantly affected evidence judgments. Participants who saw the photo of the perpetrator with a dark skin tone judged ambiguous evidence to be significantly more indicative of guilt than participants who saw … a lighter skin tone."
“Dealing with bias… was most predictive of stress when other variables were controlled. Officers reporting high stress said they felt stress from racial or ethnic bias and they spent considerable time and energy dealing with and helping other officers deal with prejudice."
“Racism can impact health via several recognized pathways [including]… contact with police.” “Racism is significantly related to … poor mental health.” & “This study is the most comprehensive meta-analysis on racism and health to date."
Though the police often view police militarization favorably…there is little support for the idea that militarization improves policework… At the same time, ecological studies find that factors like racial demographics… influence some militarizing behaviors from LEAs."
“Decades of criminology research have shown that crime reports… primarily document law enforcement’s response to the reports they receive… rather than [a]… complete record of … crimes that occur… As a result, current systems reinforce bias and sanitize injustice."
“Analysis of 911 calls in a major metropolitan area reveals that black people are less likely to dial 911 immediately following the highly publicized assault or death of a black person at the hands of police."