2007 | Police Research

838/

“Specifically, in predominantly white and racially mixed areas, black drivers were stopped disproportionately to their representation in the driving population, as estimated through a random sample of not-at-fault drivers in two vehicle crashes."

798/

"[Black] respondents noted that police were more apt to respond with violence when suspects inquired about the legality of their actions or directives… [and] believed that the widespread presumption of guilt… served as… justification for inappropriate police behavior."

747/

“21% of officers reporting that they believe officers in their department currently practice bias-based policing… 15% of officers… have witnessed such behaviors… A considerable percentage… believed bias-based policing was… a serious issue for their department."

“African Americans are disproportionately arrested for drug delivery offenses… These disproportions are not due to any extraordinary characteristics of those African American arrestees, the behaviors they engaged in, or the communities in which they were arrested."

478/

“White male participants viewed the Black victim as more promiscuous than the White victim when the perpetrator was White.” & “The [incorrect] stereotype of the Black male sexual predator of White women was prevalent for the majority of the sample."

437/

“Reading about Black criminals dramatically increased … tendency to make a stereotypic pattern of errors (shooting unarmed Blacks, failing to shoot armed Whites)… When information reinforced … the stereotypic link between Blacks and danger … errors increased."

287/

“Over the past thirty years, the most severe effects of criminal justice policies and practices have been concentrated in staggering proportions on one group—young African American males from inner cities and low-income communities."

115/

“Whites’ fear of crime increase linearly as the relative size of the black population increases [which, for minority black areas, is then]… translated into additional police officers… These findings emerge net of a wide array of control variables."

104/

“Black people in England and Wales were six times as likely to be stopped and searched by the police in comparison with their white counterparts.” and

82/

“Persons of African and Hispanic descent were stopped more frequently than whites, even after controlling for precinct variability and race-specific estimates of crime participation."

79/

“The burden of [Marijuana in Public View] arrest has been falling disproportionately on blacks and Hispanics and that members of these minority groups, on average, have been receiving harsher treatment within the criminal justice system."

70/

“While both high and low performing [Cincinnati officer] groups disproportionately stopped Black drivers, the low performing group had a significantly higher rate of racial disproportionality than the high performing group."

57/

“The few studies that have controlled for the differential involvement of minorities in crime, or for race and crime at the neighborhood level, have found that stop, search, and arrest disparities for Blacks and Hispanics remain after crime rates are held constant."

49/

“Some have argued that this overrepresentation of youth of color in the justice system is simply a result of those youths committing more crimes … a true analysis is much more complicated … about two-thirds of the studies … showed negative ‘race effects.'"

15 entries found for 2007

“Specifically, in predominantly white and racially mixed areas, black drivers were stopped disproportionately to their representation in the driving population, as estimated through a random sample of not-at-fault drivers in two vehicle crashes."

"[Black] respondents noted that police were more apt to respond with violence when suspects inquired about the legality of their actions or directives… [and] believed that the widespread presumption of guilt… served as… justification for inappropriate police behavior."

“21% of officers reporting that they believe officers in their department currently practice bias-based policing… 15% of officers… have witnessed such behaviors… A considerable percentage… believed bias-based policing was… a serious issue for their department."

“When we consider the ‘real’ net incentives faced by police, we see that arrests increase substantially when police get to keep more of the proceeds… a 1% increase in the de facto sharing rate [of forfeitures with police] increases the drug arrest rate by about 0.66%."

“African Americans are disproportionately arrested for drug delivery offenses… These disproportions are not due to any extraordinary characteristics of those African American arrestees, the behaviors they engaged in, or the communities in which they were arrested."

“White male participants viewed the Black victim as more promiscuous than the White victim when the perpetrator was White.” & “The [incorrect] stereotype of the Black male sexual predator of White women was prevalent for the majority of the sample."

“Reading about Black criminals dramatically increased … tendency to make a stereotypic pattern of errors (shooting unarmed Blacks, failing to shoot armed Whites)… When information reinforced … the stereotypic link between Blacks and danger … errors increased."

“Over the past thirty years, the most severe effects of criminal justice policies and practices have been concentrated in staggering proportions on one group—young African American males from inner cities and low-income communities."

“Whites’ fear of crime increase linearly as the relative size of the black population increases [which, for minority black areas, is then]… translated into additional police officers… These findings emerge net of a wide array of control variables."

“Black people in England and Wales were six times as likely to be stopped and searched by the police in comparison with their white counterparts.” and

“Persons of African and Hispanic descent were stopped more frequently than whites, even after controlling for precinct variability and race-specific estimates of crime participation."

“The burden of [Marijuana in Public View] arrest has been falling disproportionately on blacks and Hispanics and that members of these minority groups, on average, have been receiving harsher treatment within the criminal justice system."

“While both high and low performing [Cincinnati officer] groups disproportionately stopped Black drivers, the low performing group had a significantly higher rate of racial disproportionality than the high performing group."

“The few studies that have controlled for the differential involvement of minorities in crime, or for race and crime at the neighborhood level, have found that stop, search, and arrest disparities for Blacks and Hispanics remain after crime rates are held constant."

“Some have argued that this overrepresentation of youth of color in the justice system is simply a result of those youths committing more crimes … a true analysis is much more complicated … about two-thirds of the studies … showed negative ‘race effects.'"